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New ‘ReefShape’ Photogrammetry System Puts Bahamian Coral Reefs on the Map — Literally

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PIMS research scientist Will Greene glides over a reef in Andros, The Bahamas, capturing a stream of overlapping images that ReefShape will automatically stitch into a millimetre-accurate 3-D map.

Open-source workflow from Perry Institute for Marine Science researchers enables automated data processing, arming reef managers worldwide with rapid, easy-to-use solutions for large area imaging.

Media Contact:

Written by Lily Haines | PIMS | WhatsApp +1 (613) 791-6045 | lhaines@perryinstitute.org

 

 

June 17, 2025—NASSAU | Coral reefs cover less than one percent of the ocean floor yet anchor a quarter of all marine life. Protecting them has been the Perry Institute for Marine Science’s (PIMS) mission for more than 50 years—work that spans cutting-edge coral restoration, fisheries research and the Caribbean-wide Reef Rescue Network of coral nurseries.

Now PIMS scientists, working with Arizona State University, have unveiled ReefShape, an automated photogrammetry pipeline that converts thousands of underwater photographs into millimeter-accurate, 3-D and 2-D reef maps in hours instead of days. Their method, published this week in the Journal of Visualized Experiments (JoVE), gives managers from Abaco to Zanzibar a practical and streamlined way to track bleaching, storm damage and restoration success at the millimeter scale.

“We needed a method that’s easy to teach, automatic, and lets us focus on actually saving coral reefs rather than just making maps of them,” said lead author Will Greene, photogrammetry specialist and research scientist at PIMS.

The reef-mapping bottleneck

Photogrammetry—the digital alchemy that converts overlapping photos into lifelike 3D models—has transformed archaeology, forestry and even Hollywood. Yet under water it has remained a specialist’s sport: equipment can top US $20,000, and the software pipeline still relies on hours of manual clicks. In the meantime reefs around the world bleach, crumble or succumb to disease weeks before new data reach managers’ desks.

Headquartered in the United States, PIMS is a non-profit research organisation dedicated to ocean conservation and community engagement around the world. Through its flagship Reef Rescue Network—the region’s largest coalition of coral nurseries—PIMS has already planted tens of thousands of elkhorn, staghorn and fused staghorn corals throughout the Caribbean, restored critical reef habitat, and trained hundreds of local divers, students and tourism operators in reef-monitoring techniques. PIMS also leads research on sustainable fisheries, mangrove and seagrass restoration, and partners with governments to translate science into policy that safeguards coastal livelihoods.

Three simple upgrades

Turning big-picture conservation goals into on-the-ground action—and doing it fast enough to matter—meant re-engineering reef mapping for the realities of a dive boat. Instead of inventing another costly gadget, Greene’s team asked what the absolute essentials were and how to make each one fool-proof. The answer distilled into three simple upgrades that, together, turn a labour-intensive workflow into a backpack-friendly kit:

  1. Permanent corner markers. Four dinner-plate-sized markers drilled into the reef plot corners act as digital anchor points. Software recognises them automatically, snapping every future survey into perfect alignment.
  2. Phone-based GPS logging. A free Survey123 form guides divers to collect surface positions and depth readings of the markers, then formats the data for the processing script—no spreadsheets, transcribing coordinates, or typos.

A fully scripted pipeline. Custom Python code drives Agisoft Metashape processing through a graphic interface, whizzing through image alignment, mesh generation, orthomosaic building, data export and even structural-complexity metrics with no keyboard input beyond run.

From dive to desktop in 1 hour 58 minutes

Using the fully automated ReefShape script, a 200 square meter, 1,300-image reef plot can be processed in under 2 hours on a modern laptop—roughly 400 percent faster than the same dataset handled with earlier, semi-manual workflows. Even on 2018-era hardware, the scripted pipeline still shaved hours off turnaround because most of the speed-up comes from automation and careful workflow optimization, not brute processor power.

Stress-tested during a record heatwave                                                                                                                                                        ReefShape’s coming-of-age moment arrived during the record marine heatwave that washed over The Bahamas in August 2023. Having surveyed Simms Point Reef seven months earlier, the team returned with a camera and retraced their path above the permanent markers. Hours later, side-by-side mosaics revealed that over 90 percent of corals in several species had bleached completely, while a handful of colonies clung to colour.

That immediate feedback lets us prioritise restoration sites and share data with partners before the next storm hits,” says Dr. Craig Dahlgren, PIMS executive director and co-author on the new paper. “It’s like switching from film to livestream.

Democratizing a critical tool

Everything needed to utilize the workflow—recommended camera system, field equipment, a suitable computer and software—comes in around US $5,000 ($8,000 without educational software discounts). The scripts and step-by-step manual live for free on GitHub, and the authors encourage anyone mapping coral, seagrass, mangroves or shipwrecks to fork and improve the code.

The design is deliberately tolerant: while the protocol gives specific instructions for researchers wanting a cookbook-style approach, it works for plots from 25 m² to > 1,000 m², depths down to 30 m, any camera system and swim pattern with sufficient overlap, and on any recent computer. The ReefShape software includes adjustable controls to suit different data collection strategies and researcher needs while remaining streamlined and easy to use, automatically exporting data pre-formatted for analysis in free software packages like QGIS or TagLab.

Why it matters

Coral reefs occupy less than one per cent of the ocean floor yet shelter a quarter of marine speciesand buffer tropical coastlines from storms.

With mass-bleaching events now recurring every few years, conservationists need diagnostics that are fast, cheap and repeatable—tools that turn snapshots into time-lapse. ReefShape, its creators argue, is a step toward that future.                                                                                                                  “Our goal wasn’t another complex method,” says Greene, now completing a PhD at Arizona State University on GIS-driven 3-D reef mapping. “It was to hand every reef manager a simple, comprehensive monitoring tool, then get out of the way so they can use it.

ReefShape was developed by Will Greene, Sam Marshall, Dr. Jiwei Li and Dr. Craig Dahlgren, with funding from the Disney Conservation Fund and the U.S. National Science Foundation. Fieldwork was conducted under permits from the Bahamas Department of Environmental Planning & Protection. Full documentation and code: https://github.com/Perry-Institute/ReefShape.

PHOTO CAPTION:

1st insert: Time-series aligned imagery of Simm’s Point Reef in New Providence before (left) and during (right) the 2023 mass bleaching event. The data were processed automatically in ReefShape, allowing researchers to rapidly analyze the extent and severity of the bleaching event (bottom panel), uncovering different patterns among the various coral species present.

3rd insert: The ReefShape field kit—ready for a single-tank survey. (A) Mirrorless camera with wide-angle rectilinear lens; (B) matching underwater housing and dome port; (C) Bluetooth-enabled “kickboard” GPS for surface positioning; (D) reusable coded corner markers that lock each plot to precise coordinates; and (E) coded scale bars that set the model’s exact dimensions.

Video caption:

Fly-through of a ReefShape 3D model of a coral reef: a centimetre-scale, colour-true reconstruction that lets scientists measure coral growth, bleaching and erosion without getting wet.

Bahamas News

Prime Minister Commissions Completed Rooftop Solar Installations at UB

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Prime Minister Commissions Completed Rooftop Solar Installations at UB, July 3, 2026

By Lindsay Thompson

Bahamas Information Services


NASSAU, The Bahamas – Prime Minister the Hon. Philip Davis participated in ceremonies commissioning Completed Rooftop Solar Installations at the University of The Bahamas, a move towards energy sustainability.

Prime Minister Philip Davis

“Today, we turn a new page on how we power our lives, how we protect our environment, and how we define Bahamian leadership in the 21st century.

Energy is foundational to national development,” the prime minister said.

The ceremony commissioning installation completion, under the Reconstruction with Resilience in the Energy Sector in The Bahamas (RRESB) programme, was held on Friday, July 3, 2026 at Courtyard Choices, University of The Bahamas.

“With this commissioning, the University of The Bahamas takes its place at the vanguard of our energy transition. You are setting an example and proving your commitment to stewardship – leaving our islands better than we found them,” the prime minister said.

He said it was good to mark the commissioning: “The country has turned a new page on how we power our lives, how we protect our environment, and how we define Bahamian leadership in the 21st century,” he said.

The prime minister regarded energy as fundamental to national development, and added, “It determines how effectively we educate our children, how reliably we deliver healthcare, and how competitive our businesses can be.”  So, today is about solar panels, yes.  But it is also about how we power this country and what that means for the future we are building together. This is why programmes like RRESB matter.”

He said that it reflects his administration’s commitment to strengthening the systems that underscore daily life in the country, while building a country that is more sustainable and more energy-secure.

“We live on the frontlines of a changing climate.

“We have felt the fury of the winds and the rising of the tides. We know, better than most, that the old ways of generating power – reliant on volatile oil and fragile, centralized grids are no longer enough to guarantee our safety.

“This is why this administration will continue to strengthen our critical infrastructure and improve the resilience of our energy sector.

“As Prime Minister, I see these investments as investments in our future. They will serve our country for many years to come – while reflecting a broader shift in how we think about development.

Minister of Energy, Utilities and Aviation JoBeth Coleby-Davis

The Prime Minister said: “Sustainability is no longer separate from growth – it is essential to it.”

He extended sincere appreciation to Mr. Ruiz, Head of Cooperation at the Delegation of the European Union to Jamaica, Belize, The Bahamas, The Turks and Caicos Islands and the Cayman Islands, and to Mr. Fache, Program Manager with the European Union Delegation, for their partnership.

And, he commended partners at the Inter-American Development Bank, the University of the Bahamas, the Project Execution Unit, AnO Technologies, the Hon. Jobeth Coleby-Davis and the Ministry of Energy, Utilities and Aviation for their dedication and expertise in implementing this program.

“Today’s achievement reflects what can be accomplished when we work together in pursuit of a stronger Bahamas.

“This is the work of nation-building. It is not accomplished in a single day or in a single project. It is steady work – consistent and purposeful.”

 

(BIS Photos/Kristaan Ingraham)

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Bahamas News

Diamond Stubbs, 17 • Betrica Brown, 19 • Stania Webb, 19 • Fourth victim yet to be identified

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Deandrea Hamilton | Editor

Six road deaths in two days leave a nation searching for answers

NASSAU, The Bahamas – A nation that only days ago celebrated graduations, scholarships and bright futures is now united in grief as six lives were lost on Bahamian roads in just two days, including four young women whose deaths have shaken the country to its core.

The names Diamond Stubbs, 17; Betrica Brown, 19; and Stania Webb, 19 have become the heartbreaking symbol of one of the country’s deadliest road tragedies in recent memory. A fourth young woman, believed to be 18 years old, had not been publicly identified by authorities up to publication time, as families continued to mourn and await official confirmation.

The four were among eight occupants travelling in a gray Mazda when it crashed into a tree on Shirley Street shortly after 1 a.m. Sunday. Police said the 19-year-old driver reportedly struck a pothole, looked back toward his passengers and lost control before the vehicle slammed into the tree. Three young women died at the scene, while a fourth later succumbed to her injuries in hospital. Four others, including the driver, remain hospitalized as investigations continue.

The tragedy’s impact reached the House of Assembly on Monday, where Members observed a moment of silence – led by Prime Minister Philip Davis – in honour of the young women whose lives were cut tragically short.

What has resonated most across the country is not simply how they died, but who they were.

Diamond Stubbs had just graduated from Old Bight High School in Cat Island as valedictorian and head girl. She was preparing to attend Langston University in Oklahoma on scholarship and was remembered by her father as an exceptional student who earned virtually every academic award presented at graduation while inspiring other young people to pursue their dreams.

Betrica Brown, who called both Cat Island and Abaco her homes, had recently travelled to Nassau to secure her student visa. Youth and Sports Minister Mario Bowleg said she was preparing to begin college on a volleyball scholarship.

Stania Webb had already distinguished herself at Langston University, where she earned both President’s List and Honour Roll recognition after graduating from Old Bight High School at just 16 years old. Family members remembered her as a quiet, ambitious young woman deeply committed to her Christian faith and education.

Speaking in Parliament, Prime Minister Philip Davis described the loss as heartbreaking, extending condolences to the families, classmates and loved ones whose lives have been forever changed. He urged Bahamians to keep those still hospitalized and the grieving families in their prayers. Similar expressions of sympathy came from across the political divide, churches, schools and communities throughout the country.

Some residents were also chided for sharing gruesome and graphic photos and video in the hours following the shocking car crash.  Relatives said it made a difficult, heartbreaking time more unbearable.

Condolences poured in from government and Christian ministers; The Bahamas Union of Teachers; The Bahamas Christian council and other leaders from across the islands.

The national tragedy extended beyond New Providence. Also on Sunday, 26-year-old Nica Julien lost her life in a separate traffic collision in Grand Bahama. Then, on Monday, a road traffic accident claimed the life of a 30-year-old man on the highway of Abaco.

Together, the six deaths have transformed what should have been a season of celebration with graduations and independence festivities in play, into one of national mourning, leaving families, communities and an entire country searching for answers—and praying that no more names are added to the list.

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Twist of Timing Shifts Focus in Jonathan Gardiner Case

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The Bahamas, June 26, 2026 – Imagine boarding a plane for another Bahamian island, only for it to crash in U.S. waters during what now appears to have been a remarkable twist of timing.

Jonathan Gardiner’s Election Day flight has dominated headlines for weeks, but Thursday’s decision by a New York federal judge suggests the story may be far bigger than the crash itself.

Gardiner was denied bail after U.S. District Judge Gregory Woods described him as a danger to the community, a significant flight risk and concluded that the government’s evidence is “very strong.”

For many Bahamians, however, the public narrative has remained fixed on the approximately $30,000 recovered after the crash, including an envelope reportedly containing $5,000 intended for an unnamed politician.

Gardiner’s attorneys have argued the cash was legitimate, saying roughly $20,000 had been withdrawn from his business account the day before the flight. They also maintain the prosecution’s case is circumstantial and have argued that his speedy trial rights are being violated.

But prosecutors say the charges stem from a three-year federal investigation into an alleged conspiracy to import cocaine into the United States—not an investigation that began because a plane crashed in Bahamian waters.

That distinction may prove critical.

The crash brought the case into public view, but it may not be what ultimately determines its outcome.

The judge’s ruling raises a question that now deserves greater attention: What evidence from that three-year investigation persuaded a federal judge that the government’s case is “very strong”?

The answer may not lie in the cash recovered after the crash, but in investigative material that has yet to be fully presented in open court.

As the case moves toward trial, Magnetic Media will continue looking beyond the headlines and following the evidence that underpins one of the most closely watched criminal prosecutions involving a Bahamian in recent years.

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